Battles & Campaigns

Battles and campaigns across history, placed where they were fought. Each card has a timeline and sources.

Cards

• Battle of Megiddo (15th century BCE) · c. 1457 BCE (dates differ) · Megiddo, Canaan
• Battle of Kadesh · c. 1274 BCE · Orontes River, near Kadesh (modern-day Lebanon–Syria border)
• Battle of Qarqar · 853 BCE (some scholars say 854) · Qarqur
• Battle of Marathon · 490 BCE (traditionally 12 September) · Marathon, Greece
• Battle of Salamis · 480 BCE (late September) · Straits of Salamis
• Battle of Thermopylae · 480 BCE (mid-September, exact days uncertain) · Thermopylae, Greece
• Battle of Plataea · 479 BCE · Plataea, Greece
• Battle of Aegospotami · 405 BCE · Aegospotami, Hellespont (present-day Çanakkale Province, Turkey)
• Battle of Leuctra · 6 July 371 BCE · Boeotia
• Battle of the Granicus · May 334 BCE · At the Granicus in the Troad region (modern-day Biga River, Balıkesir, Turkey)
• Battle of Issus · 333 BCE (5 or 6 November) · Issus, Anatolia, Achaemenid Empire (modern-day Kinet Höyük, Yeşilköy, Dörtyol, Hatay
• Battle of Gaugamela · 1 October 331 BCE · Probably Tel Gomel (Gaugamela) near Erbil, modern Iraqi Kurdistan, north of Mount Alfaf
• Battle of the Hydaspes · May 326 BCE · Hydaspes River (modern-day Jhelum River, Pakistan)
• Battle of Changping · 262–260 BCE · Northwest of Gaoping, Shanxi
• Battle of Cannae · 2 August 216 BCE · Cannae, Italy
• Battle of Zama · 202 BCE · Near Zama, North Africa (exact site debated)
• Battle of Vercellae · 30 July 101 BCE · Near Vercellae, Northern Italy (exact site debated)
• Battle of Carrhae · 53 BCE (9 June, according to the poet Ovid) · Near Carrhae (Harran), Upper Mesopotamia
• Battle of Alesia · September 52 BCE · Alise-Sainte-Reine, France
• Battle of Pharsalus · 9 August 48 BCE · Near Pharsalus, Greece (exact site debated)
• Battle of Zela (47 BCE) · 47 BCE · Zile, present day Turkey
• Battle of Actium · 2 September 31 BCE · Ionian Sea, near the promontory of Actium in Greece
• Battle of the Teutoburg Forest · 8–11 September 9 CE · Likely present-day Kalkriese, Lower Saxony
• Boudican revolt · c. 60–61 CE · Roman Britain
• Siege of Masada · 72-73 CE (73 CE is traditional) · Masada, Israel (then part of Judaea Province)
• Battle of Guandu · 200 CE · Northeast of present-day Zhongmu County, Henan
• Battle of Red Cliffs · Winter 208-209 CE · Yangtze River, China (exact site debated)
• Battle of the Milvian Bridge · 28 October 312 · Ponte Milvio, Rome
• Battle of Adrianople · 9 August 378 · Near Adrianople, Eastern Roman Empire (modern-day Edirne, Turkey; exact site uncertain)
• Battle of the Catalaunian Plains · 20 June 451 CE · Catalaunian Plains, northeastern France (exact site unknown)
• Battle of the Yarmuk · 15-20 August 636 · Near the Yarmuk River, along the tripoint border of Syria, Jordan and Golan Heights
• Battle of Muret · 12 September 1213 · Muret, France
• Battle of Bouvines · 27 July 1214 · Bouvines, County of Flanders, Kingdom of France
• Battle of the Kalka River · 31 May 1223 · Kalka River (now Ukraine)
• Battle of Legnica · 9 April 1241 · Legnica, Poland
• Battle on the Ice · 5 April 1242 · Lake Peipus, between Estonia and Russia
• Siege of Baghdad · 1258 · Baghdad
• Battle of Ain Jalut · 3 September 1260 · Near Ma'ayan Harod (Hebrew) or Ayn Jalut (Arabic), Jezreel Valley, Mamluk Sultanate
• Battle of Lewes · 14 May 1264 · Lewes, Sussex
• Battle of Yamen · 19 March 1279 · Yamen, Guangdong, China
• Siege of Acre (1291) · 1291 · Acre, Kingdom of Jerusalem
• Battle of Stirling Bridge · 11 September 1297 · Stirling Bridge, Stirling, Scotland
• Battle of Falkirk · 22 July 1298 · Falkirk, Scotland
• Battle of Bannockburn · 23–24 June 1314 · Bannockburn, south of Stirling, Scotland
• Battle of Crécy · 26 August 1346 · Crécy-en-Ponthieu, Picardy, France
• Battle of Poitiers · 19 September 1356 · Near Poitiers, France
• Battle of Kulikovo · 8 September 1380 · Kulikovo Field (now Tula Oblast)
• Battle of Kosovo · 15 June 1389 · Kosovo field, District of Branković
• Battle of Nicopolis · 25 September 1396 · Nicopolis, Ottoman Sultanate
• Battle of Ankara · 28 July 1402 · Çubuk plain near Ankara
• Battle of Grunwald · 15 July 1410 · Between villages of Grünfelde (Grunwald) and Ludwigsdorf (Łodwigowo), State of the
• Battle of Agincourt · 25 October 1415 · Azincourt, County of Saint-Pol (now Pas-de-Calais)
• Battle of Castillon · 17 July 1453 · Castillon-la-Bataille, Duchy of Gascony
• Fall of Constantinople · 1453 · Constantinople, Byzantine Empire (present-day Istanbul, Turkey)
• Battle of Towton · 29 March 1461 · Near Towton, Yorkshire, England
• Battle of Tewkesbury · 4 May 1471 · Tewkesbury, Gloucestershire, England
• Battle of Bosworth Field · 22 August 1485 · Near Market Bosworth, Leicestershire (exact site disputed)
• Battle of Chaldiran · 23 August 1514 · Chaldiran plain, Azerbaijan, Safavid Iran
• Battle of Marignano · 13–14 September 1515 · Near Melegnano, southeast of Milan, present-day Italy
• Fall of Tenochtitlan · 1521 · Tenochtitlan, present-day Mexico City, Mexico
• Battle of Pavia · 24 February 1525 · Pavia, Duchy of Milan (in present-day Italy)
• Battle of Mohács · 29 August 1526 · Mohács, Kingdom of Hungary
• First Battle of Panipat · 21 April 1526 · Panipat (present-day Haryana, India)
• Battle of Cajamarca · November 16, 1532 · Cajamarca, Peru
• Battle of Preveza · 28 September 1538 · Near Preveza, Ionian Sea
• Battle of Gravelines (1558) · 13 July 1558 · Gravelines, France
• Battle of Okehazama · 12 June 1560 · Dengaku-hazama, Toyoake, Owari Province, Japan
• Battle of Talikota · 23 January 1565 · Around the Villages of Rakshāsi and Tengadi near Talikota in present day Karnataka
• Great Siege of Malta · 1565 · Grand Harbour, Malta
• Battle of Lepanto · 7 October 1571 · Gulf of Patras, Ionian Sea
• Battle of Nagashino · 28 June 1575 · Nagashino Castle, Mikawa, Honshu
• Spanish Armada · July–August 1588 · English Channel and the North Sea
• Battle of Sekigahara · October 21, 1600 · Sekigahara / Aonogahara Mino Province, present-day Gifu Prefecture, Japan
• Battle of White Mountain · 8 November 1620 · White Mountain, near Prague, Kingdom of Bohemia (nowadays Czech Republic)
• Battle of Breitenfeld (1631) · 17 September 1631 · Breitenfeld, Leipzig, Saxony, Germany
• Battle of Lützen (1632) · 16 November 1632 · Lützen, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany
• Battle of Rocroi · 19 May 1643 · Rocroi, France
• Battle of Marston Moor · 2 July 1644 · Near Long Marston, Yorkshire, England
• Battle of Naseby · 14 June 1645 · Near Naseby, Northamptonshire
• Battle of Vienna · 1683 · Vienna, Archduchy of Austria, Holy Roman Empire (now Vienna, Austria)
• Battle of the Boyne · 1 July 1690 O.S. · Oldbridge, County Meath, Kingdom of Ireland
• Battle of Blenheim · 13 August 1704 · Blindheim, Höchstädt, Bavaria
• Battle of Poltava · 8 July 1709 · Poltava, Cossack Hetmanate (present-day Ukraine)
• Battle of Culloden · 16 April 1746 · Culloden, Scotland
• Battle of Leuthen · 5 December 1757 · Leuthen, Silesia, Prussia (present-day Lutynia, Poland)
• Battle of Plassey · 23 June 1757 · Plassey, Bengal
• Battle of Rossbach · 5 November 1757 · Rossbach, Saxony
• Battle of the Plains of Abraham · 13 September 1759 · Plains of Abraham, Quebec, New France
• Battle of Quiberon Bay · 20–21 November 1759 · Quiberon Bay, Bay of Biscay
• Battle of Bunker Hill · June 17, 1775 · Charlestown, Massachusetts
• Battles of Lexington and Concord · April 19, 1775 · Middlesex County, Province of Massachusetts Bay, British America Lexington:
• Battle of Trenton · December 26, 1776 · Trenton, New Jersey
• Battles of Saratoga · 1777 · Stillwater, New York
• Siege of Yorktown · 1781 · Gloucester and Yorktown, Virginia
• Battle of the Saintes · 9–12 April 1782 · Off Dominica, Caribbean Sea
• Battle of Valmy · 20 September 1792 · Between Sainte-Menehould and Valmy
• Battle of the Nile · 1–3 August 1798 · Aboukir Bay, Ottoman Egypt
• Battle of Austerlitz · 2 December 1805 · Austerlitz, Moravia, Austrian Empire (today Slavkov u Brna, Czech Republic)
• Battle of Trafalgar · 21 October 1805 · Off Cape Trafalgar, Atlantic Ocean
• Battle of Jena–Auerstedt · 14 October 1806 · Jena and Auerstedt, Germany
• Battle of Wagram · 5–6 July 1809 · Wagram, northeast of Vienna
• Battle of Tippecanoe · November 7, 1811 · Near Battle Ground, Indiana
• Battle of Borodino · 7 September 1812 · Borodino, Russia
• Battle of Salamanca · 22 July 1812 · Arapiles, Salamanca
• Battle of Leipzig · 16–19 October 1813 · Leipzig, Kingdom of Saxony
• Battle of Lake Erie · 10 September 1813 · Near Put-in-Bay, Ohio, Lake Erie
• Battle of Vitoria · 21 June 1813 · Vitoria, Basque Country, Spain
• Battle of the Thames · October 5, 1813 · Near Thamesville and the Moravian of the Thames First Nation in Chatham-Kent, Ontario
• Battle of Ligny · 16 June 1815 · Ligny, United Kingdom of the Netherlands
• Battle of New Orleans · January 8, 1815 · Near New Orleans, Louisiana
• Battle of Quatre Bras · 16 June 1815 · Quatre Bras, present-day Belgium
• Battle of Waterloo · 18 June 1815 · Waterloo, United Kingdom of the Netherlands (present-day Belgium)
• Battle of Boyacá · August 7, 1819 · Ventaquemada, Boyacá
• Battle of Ayacucho · 9 December 1824 · Quinua, Huamanga, Peru
• Battle of Navarino · 20 October 1827 · Navarino harbour, Ionian Sea
• Battle of San Jacinto · April 21, 1836 · Present-day La Porte and Deer Park, Texas
• Battle of the Alamo · 23 February - 6 March 1836 · Alamo Mission, San Antonio de Béxar, Mexican Texas
• Battle of Blood River · 16 December 1838 · Blood/ Ncome river, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
• Battle of Chapultepec · September 12–13, 1847 · Chapultepec Castle, Mexico City
• Battle of Balaclava · 25 October 1854 · near Balaclava, Taurida Governorate, Russian Empire
• Battle of Inkerman · 5 November 1854 · Inkerman, Taurida Governorate, Russia
• Battle of Solferino · 24 June 1859 · Solferino, Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia (present-day Lombardy, Italy)
• Battle of Fort Sumter · April 12–13, 1861 · Charleston, South Carolina, U.S.
• First Battle of Bull Run · July 21, 1861 · Fairfax County and Prince William County, Virginia
• Battle of Antietam · September 17, 1862 · Washington County, near Sharpsburg, Maryland, U.S.
• Battle of Fredericksburg · December 11–15, 1862 · Spotsylvania County and Fredericksburg, Virginia
• Battle of Puebla · May 5, 1862 · Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
• Battle of Shiloh · April 6-7, 1862 · Hardin County, Tennessee
• Battle of Gettysburg · July 1–3, 1863 · Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, U.S.
• Battle of Chickamauga · September 18–20, 1863 · Catoosa and Walker counties, Georgia
• Siege of Vicksburg · 1863 · Warren County, Mississippi
• Battle of Atlanta · July 22, 1864 · Fulton and DeKalb counties, Georgia
• Battle of Königgrätz · 3 July 1866 · Königgrätz, Austrian Empire (modern day Czech Republic)
• Battle of Lissa (1866) · 20 July 1866 · Off Lissa, Adriatic Sea
• Battle of Sedan · 1–2 September 1870 · Sedan, France
• Battle of the Little Bighorn · June 25–26, 1876 · Near Little Bighorn River, Montana, U.S.
• Battle of Nikopol · 16 July 1877 · Niğbolu District, Rusçuk Sanjak, Tuna Province, Ottoman Empire (today Nikopol, Bulgaria)
• Battle of Isandlwana · 22 January 1879 · Isandlwana, Zulu Kingdom
• Battle of Rorke's Drift · 22–23 January 1879 · Rorke's Drift, Natal
• Battle of Majuba Hill · 27 February 1881 · Majuba Hill, Charlestown, Natal
• Siege of Khartoum · 1884 · Khartoum, Sudan
• Wounded Knee Massacre · December 29, 1890 · Wounded Knee Creek, South Dakota
• Battle of Adwa · 1 March 1896 · Adwa, Tigray Province, Ethiopia
• Battle of Omdurman · 2 September 1898 · Omdurman, Khartoum, Sudan
• Battle of Spion Kop · 23–24 January 1900 · Spion Kop, 38 km west-southwest of Ladysmith
• Siege of Port Arthur · 1904 · Port Arthur, Russian Dalian (now Dalian, Liaoning, China)
• Battle of Mukden · 19 February – 10 March 1905 · Near Mukden (modern Shenyang), Manchuria, Qing dynasty
• Battle of Tsushima · 27–28 May 1905 · Tsushima Strait
• Battle of Mons · 23 August 1914 · Mons, Belgium
• Battle of Tannenberg · 26–30 August 1914 · Allenstein, East Prussia, German Empire (present-day Poland)
• First Battle of the Marne · 5–12 September 1914 · Marne River near Brasles, east of Paris, France
• Battle of Dogger Bank (1915) · 24 January 1915 · Dogger Bank, North Sea
• Gallipoli campaign · 1915 · Gallipoli Peninsula, Sanjak of Gelibolu, Adrianople Vilayet, Ottoman Empire (modern-day
• Battle of Jutland · 1916 · North Sea, near Denmark
• Battle of Verdun · 1916 · Verdun, France
• Battle of the Somme · 1916 · Somme River, north-central Somme and south-eastern Pas-de-Calais Départements, France
• Battle of Cambrai (1917) · 1917 · Southwest of Cambrai, France
• Battle of Caporetto · 1917 · Kobarid, Austria-Hungary (present day Slovenia)
• Battle of Passchendaele · 1917 · Passchendaele, Ypres Salient, Belgium
• Battle of Vimy Ridge · 9–12 April 1917 · Vimy, Pas-de-Calais, France
• Battle of Belleau Wood · 1–26 June 1918 · Belleau Wood near Marne River, France
• Battle of Amiens (1918) · 8–12 August 1918 · East of Amiens, Picardy, France
• Battle of Megiddo (1918) · 19–25 September 1918 · Vilayet of Beirut
• Battle of Britain · 1940 · British airspace, English Channel
• Battle of Dunkirk · 1940 · Dunkirk, France
• Attack on Pearl Harbor · December 7, 1941 · Oahu, Territory of Hawaii, United States
• Battle of Hong Kong · 8–25 December 1941 · British Hong Kong
• Battle of Moscow · October 1941 - January 1942 · Moscow Oblast, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union
• Siege of Leningrad · 8 September 1941 - 27 January 1944 · Leningrad, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union (present-day Saint Petersburg, Russia)
• Guadalcanal campaign · 7 August 1942 - 9 February 1943 · Guadalcanal, British Solomon Islands
• Battle of Midway · 4–7 June 1942 · Midway Atoll
• Battle of Stalingrad · 23 August 1942 - 2 February 1943 · Stalingrad, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union
• Fall of Singapore · 8–15 February 1942 · Singapore, Straits Settlements
• Battle of the Coral Sea · 4–8 May 1942 · Northern Coral Sea
• Second Battle of El Alamein · 23 October - 4 November 1942 · El Alamein, Egypt
• Battle of Kursk · 5 July - 23 August 1943 · Kursk, Kursk Oblast, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union
• Battle of Kohima · 4 April - 22 June 1944 · Kohima, Naga Hills District, Assam Province, British India (now Nagaland, India)
• Battle of Monte Cassino · 17 January - 18 May 1944 · Monte Cassino, Kingdom of Italy
• Operation Overlord · 6 June - 30 August 1944 · Northern France
• Battle of the Bulge · 16 December 1944 - 25 January 1945 · The Ardennes : Belgium, Luxembourg, Germany
• Battle of Berlin · 16 April - 2 May 1945 · Berlin, Germany
• Battle of Iwo Jima · 19 February - 26 March 1945 · Iwo Jima, Volcano Islands, Japan
• Battle of Okinawa · 1 April - 22 June 1945 · Okinawa Island and Prefecture, Ryukyu Islands, Japan
• Battle of Chosin Reservoir · 27 November - 13 December 1950 · Chosin Reservoir, in present-day Changjin County, South Hamgyong Province, North Korea
• Battle of Inchon · 10–19 September 1950 · Incheon, South Korea and the Yellow Sea
• Battle of Dien Bien Phu · 13 March - 7 May 1954 · Vicinity of Điện Biên Phủ, French Indochina (present day Vietnam)
• Battle of Algiers (1956–1957) · 30 September 1956 - 24 September 1957 · Algiers, French Algeria
• Battle of Ia Drang · 14-18 November 1965 · Ia Drang Valley, Central Highlands, South Vietnam
• Battle of Huế · 31 January - 2 March 1968 · Huế, South Vietnam
• Siege of Khe Sanh · 21 January - April 1968 · Khe Sanh, Quảng Trị Province, South Vietnam
• Tet Offensive · 30 January 1968 · South Vietnam
• Battle of Cuito Cuanavale · 14 August 1987 - 23 March 1988 · Cuito Cuanavale, Cuando Cubango Province, Angola
• Siege of Sarajevo · 5 April 1992 - 29 February 1996 · Sarajevo, Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina
• Battle of Mogadishu (1993) · 3–4 October 1993 · Mogadishu, Somalia
• Egyptian–Hittite Peace Treaty · c. 1259 BCE · Hattusa (near Boğazkale, Turkey), with Egyptian copies at Karnak, Egypt
• Battle of Muye · c. 1046 BCE · Muye, near present-day Xinxiang, Henan, China
• Battle of the Fei River · 383 · Fei River, near present-day Lu'an, Anhui, China
• Battle of Salsu · 612 · Salsu River (today's Chongchon River), North Korea
• Battle of Bạch Đằng (938) · 938 · Bạch Đằng River, near Hạ Long Bay, Vietnam
• Battle of Stiklestad · 1030 · Stiklestad, Verdal, Trøndelag, Norway
• Battle of Kirina · c. 1235 · Near Koulikoro, Mali
• Battle of Mohi · 1241 · Muhi, on the Sajó River, Hungary
• Battle of the Golden Spurs (Courtrai) · 1302 · Kortrijk (Courtrai), Flanders, Belgium
• Battle of Tondibi · 1591 · Tondibi, just north of Gao, Mali
• Battle of Myeongnyang · 1597 · Myeongnyang Strait, near Jindo Island, South Korea
• Battle of Tucapel · 1553 · Near Fort Tucapel, Cañete, Chile
• Battle of Haldighati · 1576 · Haldighati pass, near Gogunda and Khamnor, Rajasthan, India
• Peace of Westphalia · 1648 · Münster and Osnabrück, Westphalia, Germany
• Battle of Mbwila (Ambuila) · 1665 · Mbwila, in the Ulanga River valley, northern Angola
• Battle of Nuʻuanu · 1795 · Nuʻuanu Valley and Pali cliffs, Oʻahu, Hawaii
• Battle of Vertières · 1803 · Vertières, near Cap-Haïtien, Haiti
• Battle of Pichincha · 1822 · Slopes of Pichincha volcano, above Quito, Ecuador
• Battle of Ruapekapeka · 1846 · Ruapekapeka pā, near Kawakawa, Northland, New Zealand
• Battle of Hampton Roads · 1862 · Hampton Roads, off Sewell's Point near Norfolk, Virginia, USA
• Christmas Truce · 1914 · Western Front, including Ploegsteert, Belgium
• Battle of Taierzhuang · 1938 · Taierzhuang, Shandong, China, on the Grand Canal
• Battle of Alcácer Quibir (Battle of the Three Kings) · 1578 · Near Ksar el-Kebir, northern Morocco
• Battle of Taranto · 1940 · Taranto harbour, southern Italy
• Battle of Nahavand · 642 · Nahavand, Hamadan Province, Iran