Second Battle of Svensksund
Off Kotka, Gulf of Finland, Finland
What happened
The Swedish coastal fleet, led by King Gustav III, fought the Russian fleet of Prince Charles of Nassau-Siegen. During the Russo-Swedish War, the Russian fleet attacked the Swedes at Svensksund on the morning of 9 July. Shifting winds and Swedish counter-attacks threw the Russian side into disorder. By evening the Swedes had the advantage, and the Russians withdrew.
Why it matters
Why it matters: It was Sweden's largest naval victory and the largest naval battle ever fought in the Baltic Sea. It pushed Russia to make peace.
What came next
The Treaty of Värälä was signed on 14 August 1790. Borders stayed the same, but Russia gave up its right to interfere in Sweden's affairs.
Did you know?
The Russian frigate Sankt Nikolai, sunk in the battle, was found almost intact off Kotka in 1948.
Timeline
- 1788The Russo-Swedish War begins.
- 9-10 July 1790Sweden wins at Svensksund.
- 14 August 1790The Treaty of Värälä ends the war.
- 1948The wreck of the Sankt Nikolai is found.