Battle of Salamanca
Arapiles, Salamanca
What happened
Arthur Wellesley, Earl of Wellington, led the British and Portuguese army against the French army of Marshal Auguste Marmont, later commanded by General Bertrand Clauzel. During the Peninsular War in Spain, the British-Portuguese and French armies had been marching side by side, each looking for an advantage. Near two hills called the Arapiles, south of Salamanca, the left wing of Marmont's army moved too far ahead and became separated from the rest. Wellington attacked it from the side, Marmont was wounded early, and the French army was routed.
Why it matters
Result: Coalition victory. Leaders: Auguste de Marmont / Jean Bonet against Arthur Wellesley. Why it matters: The victory let the allies enter Madrid.
What came next
The allies liberated Madrid for two months before retreating to Portugal.
Did you know?
Commentators said Wellington 'defeated an army of 40,000 men in 40 minutes'.
Timeline
- 22 July 1812Wellington defeats Marmont at Salamanca.
- August 1812The allies enter Madrid.
- 1815Wellington helps defeat Napoleon at Waterloo.