Battle of Cerro Gordo
Cerro Gordo pass, near Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
What happened
A US army under General Winfield Scott fought a Mexican army under General Antonio López de Santa Anna. In the Mexican-American War, Scott's army landed at Veracruz and marched inland toward Mexico City. Santa Anna blocked the road at the mountain pass of Cerro Gordo. Young engineers, including Robert E. Lee, found a route around the Mexican defences, and the Americans attacked from front and rear until the Mexican army fled.
Why it matters
Why it matters: It opened the road to Xalapa and then Mexico City. It also built the reputation of Robert E. Lee, who was promoted for his scouting.
What came next
Scott occupied Puebla in May 1847 and set out for Mexico City in August. The war ended with the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848.
Did you know?
Santa Anna left behind his artificial cork leg as he fled; it was captured by Illinois soldiers and is kept by the Illinois State Military Museum.
Timeline
- 17 April 1847US troops take Atalaya Hill.
- 18 April 1847The Americans win at Cerro Gordo.
- 15 May 1847Scott occupies Puebla.
- 7 August 1847Scott sets out for Mexico City.